This test covers Network models, LANs, Ethernet, Arp/Rarp, Routing, Transport Layer, and Client-server Model.
Degree of Difficulty: easy


1. Which TCP/IP layer is best represented by the following description?:
<i>User accessed application programs and network services. Examples at this layer would include 
FTP, telnet, and SMTP.</i>

a. Application Layer
b. Transport Layer
c. Internet Layer
d. Network Interface Layer
e. Hardware Layer

Answer: a


2. Which TCP/IP layer is best represented by the following description?:
<i>Connection-oriented TCP and connectionless UDP data transfer occur here. Flow control, sequencing, and acknowledgements are the means by which this occurs.</i>

a. Application Layer
b. Transport Layer
c. Internet Layer
d. Network Interface Layer
e. Hardware Layer

Answer: b


3. Which TCP/IP layer is best represented by the following description?:
<i>Here data is fragmented, addressed and routed. Also, encapsulation of packets happens at this layer. </i>

a. Application Layer
b. Transport Layer
c. Internet Layer
d. Network Interface Layer
e. Hardware Layer

Answer: c


4. Which TCP/IP layer is best represented by the following description?:
<i>Handles error detection and packet framing. Standards like 802.3 and 802.5 arrange bits into understandable data using fields that describe destination and source addresses, data, and error correction.</i>

a. Application Layer
b. Transport Layer
c. Internet Layer
d. Network Interface Layer
e. Hardware Layer

Answer: d


5. Which TCP/IP layer is best represented by the following description?:
<i>Electrical signals that move raw bits through the ether. Today, twisted pair and fiber optic 
cabling is the most common transmission medium for network data.</i>

a. Application Layer
b. Transport Layer
c. Internet Layer
d. Network Interface Layer
e. Hardware Layer

Answer: e


6. Which network protocol is best represented by the following description?:
<i>Connection-oriented. The hallmark of this protocol is the acknowledgements between systems that 
ensure all of the sent data was received. Can operate two-way (full-duplex). </i>

a. TCP
b. UDP
c. IP
d. ICMP
e. IGMP

Answer: a


7. Which network protocol is best represented by the following description?:
<i>Connectionless. Packets traverse the network by themselves when they leave the sender. The receiver 
and sender do not communicate about the status of the packets. Faster and easier to implement than TCP. </i>

a. TCP
b. UDP
c. IP
d. ICMP
e. IGMP

Answer: b


8. Which network protocol is best represented by the following description?:
<i>Determines a packets path based on the listed destination IP.</i>

a. TCP
b. UDP
c. IP
d. ICMP
e. IGMP

Answer: c


9. Which network protocol is best represented by the following description?:
<i>Communicates system status and error messages using IP datagrams.</i>

a. TCP
b. UDP
c. IP
d. ICMP
e. IGMP

Answer: d


10. ______ is the term used to describe the communication between corresponding network layers on source and destination hosts. At each layer, data is encapsulated and passed on to the next layer. From the source, data is encapsulated in the 'downward' direction. At the receiving end, data is passed 'upward' through the layers as it is un-encapsulated.

a. IP
b. ICMP
c. Client-server
d. Peer-to-peer

Answer: d


11. A ______ is a link layer device that connects two or more network segments.

a. bridge
b. repeater
c. router
d. switch
e. gateway

Answer: a

12. A ______ is a simple device that regenerates the signal on a lengthy wire.

a. bridge
b. repeater
c. router
d. switch
e. gateway

Answer: b


13. A ______ is a device that examines addresses and selects optimal paths.

a. bridge
b. repeater
c. router
d. switch
e. gateway

Answer: c


14. A ______ is a link layer device that dedicates traffic between two senders.

a. bridge
b. repeater
c. router
d. switch
e. gateway

Answer: d


15. A ______ interconnects two disparate networks.

a. bridge
b. repeater
c. router
d. switch
e. gateway

Answer: e


16. What network topology is defined as: <i>one central device, usually a hub, which connects 
cabling between other machines. The signals they send are shared with every node on the network.</i>

a. bus
b. star
c. ring

Answer: b


17. What is the binary representation of the IP address 192.168.12.1?

a. 11000000.10111000.00011100.00000001
b. 11000000.10101000.00001100.00000001
c. 11000010.10101000.00001110.00000001
d. 11000010.10101001.00001101.00000001

Answer: b

Here is how to calculate the binary representation of 192.168.12.1: <br>

For each of the 4 octets, use the following aid below and plug in 1's until they add up to the octet number: <br>

___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ <br>
128  64&nbsp;   32 &nbsp; 16 &nbsp; &nbsp; 8  &nbsp; 4&nbsp; &nbsp; 2 &nbsp; &nbsp;  1 <br> <br>For Example, 192:


_1_ _1_ _0_ _0_ _0_ _0_ _0_ _0_ <br>  
128  64 &nbsp; 32 &nbsp; 16 &nbsp;&nbsp;8 &nbsp;&nbsp; 4 &nbsp; &nbsp; 2 &nbsp; &nbsp;1 <br>

128 + 64 = 192 (Repeat this for each of the other 3 octets to get the full binary representation.)


18. What network topology is defined as: <i>each node's output is connected 'serially' to the next node's input. 
A 'token' must be passed around to allow each device to communicate. Intelligent systems can increase reliability 
over that of other network topology configurations.</i>

a. bus
b. star
c. ring

Answer: c


19. A(n) ______ is a 48-bit unique identifier for each network device. 

a. IP address
b. Ethernet address
c. host name
d. NVRAM setting

Answer: b


20. The first ______ octets of an ethernet address are vendor-specific.

a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

Answer: c


21. 00:10:A4:EB:AD:87 represents a(n) ______.

a. IP address
b. Ethernet address
c. host name
d. NVRAM setting

Answer: b
An Ethernet address is a hosts unique hardware address. It is 48 bits long and is 
displayed as 12 hexadecimal digits (six groups of 2 digits) separated by colons. 
For example:  08:00:20:1e:56:7d  <br>
Unique Ethernet addresses are administered by IEEE. The first three octets are vendor 
specific and are designated by IEEE. Sun systems usually begin with the sequence 8:0:20.


22. The ______ command can get and set network driver configurations.

a. dig
b. prtconf
c. setenv
d. ndd

Answer: d
Example: <b>ndd /dev/hme adv_100fdx_cap 1</b>


23. The command <b>ndd /dev/hme adv_100fdx_cap 1</b> will accomplish what?

a. It sets the /dev/hme adapters to 100 Mbit full-duplex.
b. It sets the /dev/hme adapters to 100 Mbit half-duplex.
c. It sets the adaptor /dev/hme to 100 Mbit full-duplex.
d. It accomplishes nothing because the command as written does not work.

Answer: a


24. ARP maps a (1) ______ bit IP to a (2) ______ bit MAC (Ethernet) address.

a. (1) 16 &nbsp;	(2) 32
b. (1) 32 &nbsp;	(2) 64
c. (1) 32 &nbsp;	(2) 48
d. (1) 48 &nbsp;	(2) 32

Answer: c


25. A collision rate for a host is calculated as:

a. The number of input collisions divided by the number of input packets.
b. The number of output collisions divided by the number of output packets. 
c. The number of output collisions divided by the number of input collisions.
d. The number of output collisions divided by the number of input packets.

Answer: b
The collision rate is defined as output collisions divided by total output packets 
multiplied by 100. Here is an example : <br>
73176 / 1590861 * 100 = 4.6 percent collision rate. <br> <br>
Collision rates higher than 5 percent on a 10 Mbps Ethernet network are considered to 
be the first indication of network loading. Collision rates higher than 10 percent signify 
an overloaded network that should be considered for segmentation.


26. The command ______ will show the IPv4 ARP table:

a. netstat -a
b. netstat -arp
c. ifconfig -a
d. arp -a
e. arp -d

Answer: d


27. During initialization, the startup script /etc/rcS.d/S30network.sh looks for the file ______ to contain the correct information about the host's IP addresses so that it can configure the interface. 

a. /etc/hostname.hme0
b. /etc/hostname/hme
c. /etc/hme0
d. /etc/hme

Answer: a 


28. Each IP datagram is limited to a certain number of bytes, the ______, by the transmission medium it crosses.  

a. MAXLIMIT
b. TCP_SEND_SZ
c. MTU
d. BYTELM

Answer: c


29. ______ occurs when data must fit into multiple Ethernet frames.

a. Separation
b. Discarding
c. Fragmentation
d. Collision

Answer: c


30. The ______ is a reserved address that will relay any packets it receives to every host on the network segment. Hosts are grouped on similar subnets using a netmask.

a. netmask
b. ethernet address
c. loopback
d. broadcast address

Answer: d


31. The ______ is used in a logical AND operation with a destination IP to determine if a router must assist with the resolution and routing.

a. netmask
b. ethernet address
c. loopback
d. broadcast address

Answer: a


32. CIDR is ______.

a. similar to TCP
b. a routing protocol
c. fragmenting
d. classless

Answer: d


33. The Value: 10.2.48.130/26 would indicate a host address on network with subnet mask of ________.

a. 255.255.255.0
b. 255.255.255.64
c. 255.255.255.192
d. 255.255.255.252

Answer: c 
<br>
The netmask of 255.255.255.192 represented in binary format is: <br>
11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000 <br>

Adding up all the <b>1's</b> from the binary format total 26 of 32 possible bits; thus 10.2.48.130<b>/26</b>




34. The file ______ is used to store netmask information.

a. /etc/netmasks
b. /etc/inet/netmasks
c. /etc/hosts
d. /etc/inet/hme0

Answer: b


35. An interface is enabled using the command: ifconfig hme0 ______.

a. unplumb
b. up
c. enable
d. plumb

Answer: d


36. An interface is disabled using the command: ifconfig hme0 ______.

a. unplumb
b. up
c. enable
d. plumb

Answer: a


37. Solaris handles dynamic routing using ______ or ______ protocols.

a. BGP
b. RIP
c. ICMP
d. RDISC

Answer: b,d


38. The daemons that implement routing protocols in Solaris are ______ and ______.

a. in.routing
b. in.routed
c. in.bgp
d. in.rdisc
e. in.icmp

Answer: b,d


39. ______ is the script that checks for the existence of certain files in order to make decisions on how to start routing daemons.

a. /etc/defaultrouter
b. /etc/init.d/inetinit
c. /etc/init.d/gateways
d. /etc/system

Answer: b


40. If the ______ file is found, the system creates static routes in the route table and prevents the starting of in.routed or in.rdisc.

a. /etc/defaultrouter
b. /etc/init.d/inetinit
c. /etc/init.d/gateways
d. /etc/system

Answer: a


41. If there are two IP addresses, or entries in the /etc/gateways file, ______ is enabled and the in.routed (RIP) or in.rdisc (RDISC) processes start.

a. ip_fw
b. ip_forwarding
c. IP_FWD
d. no_ip_forwarding

Answer: b


42. ______ is a file that contains hostname or IP addresses of one or more routes on the network.

a. /etc/defaultrouter
b. /etc/inet/networks
c. /etc/gateways
d. /etc/hosts

Answer: a


43. ______ is a file similar to hosts, that assigns names to network numbers.

a. /etc/defaultrouter
b. /etc/inet/networks
c. /etc/gateways
d. /etc/hosts

Answer: b


44. ______ is an optional file that defines additional passive routes alongside the default routes. Read by in.routed.

a. /etc/defaultrouter
b. /etc/inet/networks
c. /etc/gateways
d. /etc/hosts

Answer: c


45. The following is an example of the output of what command? <br>

<img src="../Samples/Samples/netstat.gif"> <br>


a. netstat -a
b. netstat -ri
c. netstat -rn
d. ifconfig -a

Answer: c


46. The ______ command may be used to add or remove routes from the routing table.

a. netstat
b. rdisc
c. rip
d. route

Answer: d
Syntax: route [-fn] add|delete [host|net] destination [gateway [metric]]


47. Connection-oriented protocols are implemented using ______.

a. UDP
b. TCP
c. IP
d. ICMP

Answer: b


48. Connectionless protocols are implemented using ______.

a. UDP
b. TCP
c. IP
d. ICMP

Answer: a


49. ______ means that the client and server communicate about the information they send and the quality of the data they receive.

a. Connection-oriented
b. Stateful
c. Stateless
d. Connectionless

Answer: b


50. ______ means that no communication about the quality of the data sent or received occurs, and the client and server operate independent of each other or the current network condition.

a. Connection-oriented
b. Stateful
c. Stateless
d. Connectionless

Answer: c


51. A ______ is a virtual address that the kernel associates with any service it provides. 

a. service number
b. port number
c. RPC registration
d. IP address

Answer: b


52. A daemon running on the server, ______, listens for incoming requests, and then contacts the program responsible for the service and instructs it to respond. 

a. daemond
b. init
c. inetd
d. netstat

Answer: c


53. (1) ______ needing information establish a connection to a known (2) ______ on a server.

a. (1) Clients	&nbsp; (2) application
b. (1) Ports    &nbsp; (2) client
c. (1) Clients  &nbsp; (2) service
d. (1) Services &nbsp; (2) client

Answer: c


54. ______ is started by the script /etc/init.d/inetsvc.

a. init
b. netstat
c. inetd
d. ftpd

Answer: c


55. The inet configuration file is ______.

a. /etc/inetd.conf
b. /etc/inet/inetd.conf
c. /etc/init.d/inetsvc
d. /etc/networks/inetd.conf

Answer: b


56. The following is an example of the contents of what file? <br> <br>
ftp-data  &nbsp;  &nbsp;     20/tcp <br>
ftp &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;     21/tcp <br>
telnet    &nbsp;  &nbsp;     23/tcp <br> 
smtp      &nbsp;  &nbsp;     25/tcp <br>
pop3      &nbsp;  &nbsp;    110/tcp <br> <br>

a. /etc/hosts
b. /etc/system
c. /etc/services
d. /etc/bootparams

Answer: c


57. ______ services are a service / port numbering scheme that eliminate the dedicated port requirements of inetd.

a. NFS
b. DNS
c. DHCP
d. RPC

Answer: d


58. RPC services are registered by the ______ process.

a. rpcmake
b. rpcinit
c. rpcinfo
d. rpcbind

Answer: d


59. True or false: Some RPC services are started at boot time, others only at client request.

a. True
b. False

Answer: a


60. The command ______ may be used to monitor and manipulate the activities of RPC.

a. rpcbind
b. rpcmake
c. rpcinfo
d. rpcmv

Answer: c
